LinksBack to the Home PageThe individual lectures
What is Language |
Lecture: Introduction to Language and Linguistics |
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Important note to begin with
The contents of this page is my own
intellectual property, apart from the PDFs for Further Reading. Students and
interested parties are welcome to explore it but need to be aware that they can
be used but need to be acknowledged being my work. IntroductionThis page contains the material that were covered
in the individual sessions of the lecture “Introduction to Linguistics”, which
I taught for many years at the English Department of the University of Bern. It represents a fairly informal series of
presentations that are meant to give novices, perhaps even reluctant ones, a
way to start thinking about language, how it is structured and how it can be analysed.
It is accompanied by a script called Beginning
Linguistics, which was a work in progress. Any typos or inconsistencies
were meant to be addressed in future versions. Perhaps one day I will get it
into a final form… Two words of warning:
In the last column there are links to PDFs
with excerpts from other textbooks which cover the same ground as we dealt with
in class, often from a different angle. It is useful for be aware of
alternative approaches to the topics a lecture covers, which is why such
further reading is very important for an understanding of the concepts dealt
with in this course. Dive in and, most importantly, have fun! The Script/Workbook with gaps to train looking for key conceptsThe same script with the gaps filled in
And here is a Word document and a PDF file with the IPA symbols for copy-pasting if you have not been able(willing?) to install the IPA fonts.
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| Content |
pages
of booklet Wreading these helps) |
Podcast
Link |
Further
reading / additional material |
What is language?Questions raised in Chapter 1 | 7-26 (1.1 - 1.1.5) | Podcast
1 | Further
reading: Fromkin et al. "What is Language?" And some interesting thoughts on "Language" |
What is Language and
The connections between language and their study in linguistics | 27-35 (1.1.7 - 1.5) | Podcast 2 | Further Reading: Brief Overview (Centre of Applied Linguistics) Key Exercises Chapter 1 |
Phonetics 1
| 36-44 (2.1. - 2.3.1) |
Podcast 3 | The
complete IPA
chart with sounds files Further Reading:
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Phonectis 2
| 44-51 (2.3.2) | Podcast 4 | Key Exercises Chapter 2 And for your smartphone a number of interesting phonetics practice apps Cue Cards (print out each double sided) to practice IPA signs and descriptors for And here is an entertaining link to "applied phonetics":
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Phonology 1: Segments
| 58-66 (3.1. - 3.2.2.) | Podcast 5 | One of my students found this very useful site to practice descriptions and IPA symbols (remark: in the vowel descriptions "tense" stands for "long" and "lax" for "short" vowels) |
Phonology 2: Beyond the Segment
| 66-73 (3.3) | Podcast 6 |
Key Exercises Chapter 3 |
Morphology 1: Words and how to build them
| 80 - 87 (4.1 - 4.2.3) | Podcast 7 | For a comprehensive overview of affixes in English check this website. |
Morphology 2: Word building continued
| 87 - 96 | Podcast 8 | One of my students suggested this link about "lexical gaps" used for the naming of game characters Key Exercises: Chapter 4 |
Semantics 1: Word meaning
Introduction to word meaning and meaning relations | 102 - 113 | Podcast 9 | Read And here is an interesting popular science article on why the words for Mother and Father seem so similar in most languages. |
Semantics 2: Word Meaning and Beyond
Fuzziness, prototypes, figurative language and relationships between sound and meaning | 113-127 | Podcast 10 Apologies: This is a podcast from a previous year. The reason is that I forgot to activate the recording when delivering the lecture | Key Exercises: Chapter 5 |
Syntax 1: Approaches and Constituents of Sentences
Levels of and approaches to clause and sentence analysis | 134-146 | Podcast 11 | Read
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Syntax 2: Extended Notions of Syntactic Theory
Syntactic anaylses, Deep and Surface Structure and Transformations, Language typologies based on functional structure | 146 - 164 | Podcast 12 | Key Exercises: Chapter 6 Key Exercise 5. |
Pragmatics 1: Language in Use
Introduction to Macrolinguistics concepts | 168 - 191 | Podcast 13 | Read
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Pragmatics 2: Organising Conversations
Turn-taking, FTAs and the Cooperative Principle | 191 - 204 | Podcast 13 | Reading Material: And these classics:
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